Generic name: mesalamine (oral) (me SAL a meen)
Brand name: Apriso, Asacol HD, Delzicol, Lialda, Pentasa
Dosage forms: oral capsule, extended release (0.375 g; 250 mg; 500 mg); oral delayed release capsule (400 mg); oral delayed release tablet (1.2 g; 800 mg)
Drug class: 5-aminosalicylates
Mesalamine is used to treat mild to moderate ulcerative colitis. Mesalamine is also used to prevent the symptoms of ulcerative colitis from recurring.
Some brands of mesalamine are for use only in adults, and some brands are for use in children who are at least 5 years old.
Mesalamine may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
Warnings
Stop using mesalamine and call your doctor at once if you have severe stomach pain, stomach cramping, bloody diarrhea (may occur with fever, headache, and skin rash).
Before taking this medicine
You should not use mesalamine if you are allergic to mesalamine, aspirin, sulfasalazine, or salicylates (such as Disalcid, Doans Pills, Dolobid, Kaopectate, Nuprin Backache, Pepto-Bismol, Tricosal, Trilisate, and others).
Tell your doctor if you have ever had:
- a kidney stone or kidney disease;
- liver disease;
- a blockage in your stomach or intestines (such as pyloric stenosis); or
- a skin condition such as eczema.
Some forms of mesalamine contain phenylalanine. Tell your doctor if you have phenylketonuria (PKU).
Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known whether mesalamine will harm an unborn baby. However, having untreated or uncontrolled ulcerative colitis during pregnancy may cause complications such as low birth weight or premature birth. The benefit of treating ulcerative colitis may outweigh any risks to the baby.
It may not be safe to breastfeed while using this medicine. Ask your doctor about any risk. If you are breastfeeding, tell your doctor if you notice diarrhea in the nursing baby.
Do not give this medicine to a child without medical advice. Some brands of mesalamine are not approved for use in anyone younger than 18 years old. Delzicol should not be given to a child younger than 5 years old.
How should I take mesalamine?
Follow all directions on your prescription label and read all medication guides or instruction sheets. Use the medicine exactly as directed.
This medicine can affect the results of certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using mesalamine.
Take Asacol HD on an empty stomach, at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.
Lialda should be taken with a meal.
You may take Apriso with or without food.
Drink plenty of liquids to help prevent kidney stones.
Other brands of mesalamine can be taken with or without food. Follow your doctor's instructions or the directions on your medicine label.
Swallow the capsule or tablet whole and do not crush, chew, or break it. Tell your doctor if you have trouble swallowing the pill.
If you cannot swallow a Pentasa capsule whole, open it and sprinkle the medicine into a spoonful of yogurt or applesauce. Swallow the mixture right away without chewing. Do not save it for later use.
Tell your doctor if you find undissolved mesalamine tablets in your stool.
Call your doctor if your ulcerative colitis symptoms do not improve, or if they get worse.
This medicine can affect the results of certain medical tests. Tell any doctor who treats you that you are using mesalamine.
You may need frequent blood tests to check your blood cells or kidney function.
Store at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the medicine as soon as you can, but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next dose. Do not take two doses at one time.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention or call the Poison Help line at 1-800-222-1222.
What should I avoid while taking mesalamine?
If you have a skin condition such as eczema, mesalamine could make you sunburn more easily. Avoid sunlight or tanning beds. Wear protective clothing and use sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher) when you are outdoors.
Ask your doctor before using an antacid, and use only the type your doctor recommends. Some antacids can make it harder for your body to absorb mesalamine.
Mesalamine side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using mesalamine and call your doctor at once if you have:
- severe stomach pain, stomach cramping, bloody diarrhea;
- fever, headache, general ill feeling;
- rash, itching, eye redness;
- bloody or tarry stools, coughing up blood or vomit that looks like coffee grounds;
- low white blood cell counts--fever, chills, mouth sores, skin sores, sore throat, cough, feeling light-headed, trouble breathing;
- signs of a kidney stone--severe pain in your side and back, frequent need to urinate, foul-smelling urine, dark or cloudy urine;
- kidney problems--increased or decreased urination, swelling, weight gain; or
- liver problems--loss of appetite, upper stomach pain, tiredness, easy bruising or bleeding, dark urine, clay-colored stools, jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes).
Low white blood cell counts may be more likely in older adults.
Common side effects may include:
- burping, constipation, nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, diarrhea, gas;
- dizziness;
- cold symptoms such as stuffy nose, sneezing, sore throat;
- back pain;
- headache;
- rash; or
- abnormal liver function tests.
This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.
What other drugs will affect mesalamine?
Mesalamine can harm your kidneys, especially if you also use certain medicines for infections, cancer, osteoporosis, organ transplant rejection, bowel disorders, high blood pressure, or pain or arthritis (including Advil, Motrin, and Aleve).
Tell your doctor about all your other medicines, especially:
- azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine.
This list is not complete. Other drugs may affect mesalamine, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products. Not all possible drug interactions are listed here.